Cracked and Fractured Drains
Old clay drains often show fine cracks or surface marks on camera. Look for the consequences: is the pipe losing shape, are roots entering, is soil washing in, or does waste keep snagging at that point?

A crack can exist while the pipe still flows
A cracked clay pipe can still be round, clear and carrying water normally. Repair becomes easier to justify when the crack has opened, roots are entering, surrounding material is being lost or the pipe is starting to distort.
Look at what the crack is actually doing
Recurring blockage at the same location, visible root entry, washout or a step in the pipe adds more significance than an isolated hairline mark.
How cracked drains can be repaired
For a short isolated fracture, ask whether a patch will cover the damaged area. Lining is more suited to a longer section that still has a continuous bore. If the pipe has shifted so far that equipment cannot pass, the failed section usually has to be dug out.
When an old clay drain can be left alone
Old clay drainage can show wear, small joint openings and surface crazing while still functioning. Recommending replacement simply because the pipe is old tells you little. A repair case is stronger where the crack is open, the pipe is losing shape, roots are entering, or the same position repeatedly blocks.
If most of the drain is sound and only one short section is damaged, ask whether that part can be repaired on its own. There may be no need to replace a long run of good pipe.
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